A road less Chinese? India may find a strategic path through Kazakhstan

India, wary of China's Belt and Road Initiative, is exploring the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR), with Kazakhstan as a central hub. This Middle Corridor offers a route bypassing Chinese and Russian bottlenecks, crucial given Red Sea disruptions impacting India's maritime trade. While not directly linked, TITR complements India's INSTC, potentially forming a robust trans-Eurasian trade grid.