Kaziranga National Park's Eco-Sensitive Zone has become a critical focal point in environmental and wildlife conservation discussions. This protective buffer region surrounding the UNESCO World Heritage site plays a vital role in preserving the endangered one-horned rhinoceros and maintaining biodiversity. Recent developments affecting land use policies and development restrictions in this zone have sparked debate among conservationists, local communities, and policymakers regarding the balance between ecological protection and socioeconomic development in Northeast India.

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