An aortic dissection represents a life-threatening emergency where the inner layer of the aorta tears, allowing blood to flow between layers and potentially causing catastrophic rupture. This cardiovascular condition disproportionately affects older adults, with uncontrolled hypertension being the predominant risk factor. Understanding the warning signs, including sudden severe chest or back pain, is critical for survival. Medical experts emphasize that early recognition and immediate hospital intervention significantly improve outcomes in this acute medical crisis.

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